[Retracted] Breast Cancer Cells Metastasize to the Tissue-Engineered Premetastatic Niche by Using an Osteoid-Formed Polycaprolactone/Nanohydroxyapatite Scaffold

<div>The gene expression levels of ALP, Runx2, Osterix, and COL1A1. The PCL-nHA scaffold promoted osteogenesis of hMSCs over 32 days, as noted by (a) the elevated mRNA levels of ALP at day 18, (b, c) the expression of Runx2 and Osterix over the investigation period, and (d) significantly higher expression of COL1A1 at day 32, as determined by the RT-PCR assay. All data were normalized to the mRNA levels of the corresponding markers in the osseous PCL scaffolds on day 11. 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runt-related transcription factor 2; COL1A1: collagen type I alpha 1; hMSCs: human mesenchymal stem cells; PCL: polycaprolactone; nHA: nanohydroxyapatite.</div>

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

fig4

Figure 4

Figure 4: [Retracted] Breast Cancer Cells Metastasize to the Tissue-Engineered Premetastatic Niche by Using an Osteoid-Formed Polycaprolactone/Nanohydroxyapatite Scaffold 

Figure 4 | [Retracted] Breast Cancer Cells Metastasize to the Tissue-Engineered Premetastatic Niche by Using an Osteoid-Formed Polycaprolactone/Nanohydroxyapatite Scaffold 