Efficient Algorithms and Implementation of a Semiparametric Joint Model for Longitudinal and Competing Risk Data: With Applications to Massive Biobank Data

Figure 1

Runtime (seconds) comparison between three different implementations of the EM algorithm for fitting the joint models (1) and (2) and the joineR package. The details of methods 1-3 are given in Section 3. joineR is an established R package which fits a similar semiparametric joint model with a slightly different latent association structure in the competing risk submodel [29]. Fold change is calculated as the ratio of runtime between two methods.

(a) Runtime for four methods

(b) Runtime comparison: method 1 versus method 2

(c) Runtime comparison: method 2 versus method 3

(d) Runtime comparison: joineR versus method 3