Research Article

[Retracted] Diagnosis of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis Using a Pruned CNN Model

Table 1

Summary of literature review.

SourcePurposeMajor findingsAccuracy (%)

Azar et al. [10]Detection of vertebral column pathologyA decision support tool is proposed for the detection of pathology on the vertebral column using three types of decision trees classifiers.SDT: 81.94
BDT: 84.84
DTF: 84.19

Indriana et al. [11]Classification of vertebral column diseaseEnsembled decision tree (J48) and bagging are used as the classification model.Ensemble model: 85%
J48: 81%

Choudhary et al. [16]IDC classificationPruned models performed superior over original pretrained models.92.07

Samala et al. [17]Breast cancer diagnosisTo compress a deep convolutional neural network for mass classification in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), a layered pathway evolution strategy is presented.

Hu et al. [18]Network trimmingThe zero activation neurons are unnecessary and may be eliminated without impacting the network’s overall accuracy.90.278

Hajabdollahi et al. [19]Retinal disease screening and diagnosisA simplification approach is proposed for CNNs based on the combination of quantization and pruning.76

Hajabdollahi et al. [20]Detection and analysis of diabetic retinopathyTo simplify the network topology, hierarchical pruning gradually removes connections, filter channels, and filters.92

Mantzaris et al. [21]Medical disease predictionThis research uses a genetic algorithm (GA) to prune probabilistic neural networks.85.5

Yin et al. [22]Diabetes diagnosisDiabDeep is a paradigm for widespread diabetes detection that blends efficient neural networks (named DiabNNs) with off-the-shelf WMSs.94

Chen and Zhao [23]Reducing complex CNNsThe pruning procedure is conducted at the layer level, and redundant parameters were discovered by studying the features learned in the convolutional layers.93.03

Han et al. [24]Deep compressionA three-stage pipeline approach (pruning, trained quantization, and Huffman coding) is introduced to reduce the storage requirement of neural networks.

Li et al. [25]Pruning and compressingFilters from CNNs that have been recognized as having a little impact on output accuracy have been pruned.

Horry et al. [26]Lung cancer diagnosisAn improved generalization can be achieved with an image preprocessing pipeline that homogenizes and debases chest X-ray images and helps to develop a low-cost, accessible DL system for lung cancer screening.89

Xiang et al. [27]Skin disease diagnosisWithout changing the model size, the performance of the model is improved after fine-tuning.83.5