The Clinical Application Value of the Prognostic Nutritional Index for the Overall Survival Prognosis of Patients with Esophageal Cancer: A Robust Real-World Observational Study in China

Table 2

Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses of OS in patients of the training cohort.

Variable	Univariate		Multivariate
	HR (95% CI)	value	HR (95% CI)	value
Age (60/>60)	0.944 (0.807-1.103)	0.467
Postoperative adjuvant treatment (no/yes)	1.036 (0.888-1.208)	0.653
Gender (female/male)	0.623 (0.501-0.775)	<0.001	0.702 (0.563-0.875)	0.002
KPS score (≥80/≤70)	0.482 (0.180-1.290)	0.146
Tumor size (<5 cm/≥5 cm)	0.754 (0.643-0.883)	<0.001	1.009 (0.855-1.190)	0.918
Tumor grade
Well differentiated	1 (reference)		1 (reference)
Moderate differentiated	1.458 (1.159-1.835)	0.001	1.235 (0.979-1.559)	0.075
Poorly differentiated	1.479 (1.176-1.86)	0.001	1.165 (0.922-1.473)	0.201
Other	0.533 (0.278-1.022)	0.058	0.977 (0.505-1.890	0.945
Tumor location
Lower chest	1 (reference)
Middle chest	0.922 (0.758-1.121)	0.414
Upper chest	0.984 (0.789-1.226)	0.883
T stage (T0-2/T3-4)	0.687 (0.624-0.757)	<0.001	0.639 (0.524-0.779)	<0.001
N stage (N0-1/N2-3)	0.591 (0.546-0.639)	<0.001	0.553 (0.461-0.663)	<0.001
M stage (M0/M1)	0.572 (0.214-1.526)	0.264
TNM stage (I-II/III-IV)	0.566 (0.519-0.618)	<0.001	0.480 (0.390-0.591)	<0.001
PNI (<49/≥49)	1.114 (1.029-1.206)	0.008	1.186 (1.012-1.391)	0.036