[Retracted] Animal Models and Pathogenesis of Ulcerative Colitis

Table 5

Immunostimulation method UC model.

Name	Modeling method	Animal	Specific modeling method	Advantages	Disadvantages	References
Colonic mucosal tissue sensitization method	Injection+enema	Rats	Injection of antigen-containing Fuchs’ antigen emulsion+enema with ethanol solution.	Longer duration of lesions; similar to human UC immunopathogenesis; suitable for screening of new drugs.	Longer modeling time; more cumbersome operation; multiple injections of antigen required to maintain sensitization.	[93]
Rat colonic bacterial strain method	Injection	Rats	Bacterial suspensions were made from E. coli in the colon contents of healthy rats, and the suspensions were injected.	Longer maintenance of inflammation; mostly chronic inflammation.	Longer time required to prepare E. coli suspensions requires certain conditions and techniques.	[7]
Fetal rat colonic embedding method	Surgical embedding	Rats	The fetal rat colonic was removed 3-4 cm long and surgically embedded aseptically under the right kidney pericardium in adult rats.	Animal disease, the disease model is similar to the clinical symptoms of UC.	High technical requirements; long experimental period; low success rate.	[94]
Spontaneous animal models	Abnormal mutations in genes, selective breeding and hybridization	Serratia marcescens	Abnormalities occurring under natural conditions or genetic mutations; obtained by relying on selective breeding and hybridization methods.	The closest model to the occurrence of UC; reflects well on the development of UC and the effect of drug treatment.	Difficult to standardize control; and animals are scarce and expensive, making it difficult to apply to large-scale experiments or more in-depth studies.	[95]
		Mice