Preservation of Autologous Brachiocephalic Vessels with Assistance of Three-Dimensional Printing Based on Convolutional Neural Networks

Figure 4

Preservation of autologous brachiocephalic vessels in the treatment for Stanford type A aortic dissection with assistance of three-dimensional (3D) printing. (a) Bottom view of the aortic arch in 3D image, no sign of dissection, or hematoma around the opening of the brachiocephalic vessels and the vessels themselves. (b) 3D printing model of the aortic arch (bottom view). (c) 3D printing model of the aortic arch (anterosuperior view). (d) Illustration of the surgical procedure, the aortic arch is replaced, a stented elephant trunk is implanted, the autologous brachiocephalic vessels are preserved, and the left subclavian artery is anastomosed to the left common carotid artery.

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