Note: Treat: treatment; Con: control; RCT: randomized controlled trial; NR: not reported; ①: adverse effect rate; ②: scores in self-care concept before nursing; ③: scores in self-care concept after nursing; ④: scores in self-care skills before nursing; ⑤: scores in self-care skills after nursing; ⑥: scores in self-care responsibility before nursing; ⑦: scores in self-care responsibility after nursing; ⑧: ESCA score before nursing; ⑨: ESCA score after nursing.