Complementary Variety: When Can Cooperation in Uncertain Environments Outperform Competitive Selection?

Figure 3

Japan’s export products according to the first-digit classification of Standard International Trade Classification (SITIC), revision 2 for 1974–2010 in nominal value US (based on [22–24]). The 8 main export groups of the first-digit classification are aggregated into two binary groupings on higher levels. The highest level distinguishes between basic goods and manufactured goods. Basic goods consist of alimentation and fuels and minerals and manufactured goods of oils and chemicals and manufactured devices (semilog plot).