Research Article
Analysis of Constraint-Handling in Metaheuristic Approaches for the Generation and Transmission Expansion Planning Problem with Renewable Energy
Table 14
Power flow after line outage using distribution factors [
75].
| Lines | Base case [MW] | Power flow outage [MW] | [MW] | (1-2) | (1–3) | (2–4) | (3-4) | (2-3) | (1-2) |
| (1-2) | 40.00 | — | −30.47 | 58.17 | 33.51 | 56.88 | 65.00 | 40.00 | (1–3) | −19.07 | −4.07 | — | −55.56 | −6.09 | −52.82 | −4.07 | 100.00 | (2–3) | −91.52 | −96.52 | −97.88 | — | −123.96 | −116.84 | −96.52 | 140.00 | (3-4) | −32.44 | −27.44 | −26.08 | −123.96 | — | −7.12 | −27.44 | 105.00 | (2-3) | −59.07 | −69.07 | −71.78 | −113.98 | −39.61 | — | −69.07 | 200.00 | (1-2) | 40.00 | 65.00 | 30.47 | 58.17 | 33.51 | 56.88 | — | −40.00 |
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