Research Article
The Silent Cooperator: An Epigenetic Model for Emergence of Altruistic Traits in Biological Systems
Figure 16
Illustration of a system where mutations of silent cooperator genes () occur in a system dominated by defector genes (). Silent genes get activated later at a random point of time to express the cooperative trait.
(a) Start of simulation |
(b) After 500 generations |
(c) After 4500 generations |
(d) End of simulation |