Parallel Excitatory and Inhibitory Neural Circuit Pathways Underlie Reward-Based Phasic Neural Responses

Figure 3

Model simulation protocol. (a) Different inputs are applied to simulate different conditions. We simulated a total of 200 trials. In the first 99 trials, we present reward CS input and reward US input to simulate the learning process, which associates the reward CS with the reward US. In the 100th trial, we present reward CS input but nonreward US input; thus, one predicts a reward but does not receive it. In the next 99 trials, we present nonreward CS input and nonreward US input to simulate the learning process, which associates the nonreward US with the nonreward CS. In the 200th trial, we present nonreward CS input but reward US input, simulating the situation where one predicts nonreward but receives it. (b)~(e) Different inputs. The yellow dashed line indicates the time at which CS appears (2.0 s), and the green dashed line indicates the time at which rewards are released or not (3.4 s). (b) Reward CS input. (c) Nonreward CS input. (d) Reward US input. (e) Nonreward US input.

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