Artificial Neural Networks Based Friction Law for Elastomeric Materials Applied in Finite Element Sliding Contact Simulations

<table class="figure-group"><tr class="fig-image" id="a"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/complexity/volume-2018/4396758/figures/4396758.fig.004a.svgz" name="4396758.fig.004a" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(a) </b>Fitting results at <svg height="15.020836pt" id="M35" style="vertical-align:-3.429431pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.049816 -11.591405 104.963276 15.020836" width="104.963276pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M570 304C570 398 525 448 414 448C385 448 343 445 312 434L329 511L321 518C297 504 262 482 244 460L233 411C195 397 159 381 128 358L135 332C160 347 189 360 224 373L111 -147C97 -210 84 -218 17 -231L13 -257L254 -247L259 -218L233 -216C183 -212 177 -202 189 -142L218 -1C238 -10 266 -12 283 -12C351 3 429 48 483 105C543 168 570 242 570 304ZM482 289C482 161 380 33 304 33C278 33 248 51 233 69L303 396C326 400 352 403 369 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<div>Friction coefficient <svg height="9.390339pt" id="M32" style="vertical-align:-3.429431pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.049816 -5.960908 7.34167 9.390339" width="7.34167pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M538 96L524 119C492 88 454 63 446 63C439 63 434 70 440 101C463 223 491 341 518 448H508L433 422L401 276C355 192 240 56 188 56C163 56 154 89 163 133C184 233 207 338 235 443L230 448L152 424L58 17C40 -60 23 -143 23 -185C23 -241 42 -261 63 -261C92 -261 117 -241 125 -227L124 -221C109 -209 89 -165 89 -103C89 -55 96 -13 105 26H107C121 -3 134 -12 151 -12C172 -12 194 -5 221 16C279 61 330 124 384 194H386C381 159 377 141 368 105C343 3 363 -12 383 -12C416 -12 486 35 538 96Z"></path></g></svg> provided by ANN versus experimental result at normal pressure <svg height="15.020836pt" id="M33" style="vertical-align:-3.429431pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.049816 -11.591405 104.963276 15.020836" 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Complexity

fig4

Figure 4

Figure 4: Artificial Neural Networks Based Friction Law for Elastomeric Materials Applied in Finite Element Sliding Contact Simulations 