Complex Modeling of the Effects of Blasting on the Stability of Surrounding Rocks and Embankment in Water-Conveyance Tunnels

Table 1

Material parameters.

Strata	Density	Elastic modulus	Poisson ratio	Friction angle	Cohesion	Tensile strength
	Kg/m^3	Pa		°	Pa	Pa
Modern alluvial silt	2680	0.8e9	0.42	30	0.1e6	0.0e6
	2700	5.0e9	0.40	35	0.6e6	2.0e6
	2720	12.0e9	0.35	40	2.0e6	3.0e6
	2750	18.0e9	0.30	45	2.50e6	7.0e6
Fault	2680	0.8e9	0.42	30	0.1e6	0.0e6
Grout curtain	3025	19.8e9	0.33	49.5	2.75e6	7.70e6