Research Article
Impact of Rapid Urbanization on Vulnerability of Land System from Complex Networks View: A Methodological Approach
Table 3
Node strengt
and the division of the out-strength and in-strength in land system networks in different periods.
| | Land use type (code) | Node strength (out-strength/in-strength) | | 1990–1995 | 1995–2000 | 2000–2005 | 2005–2010 | 2010–2015 |
| | Ecological lands | | | | | | | Paddy | 353.09 (1.78) | 323.39 (1.03) | 180.64 (2.80) | 398.16 (3.48) | 330.78 (2.14) | | Dryland | 221.73 (1.12) | 216.09 (1.29) | 110.02 (2.63) | 219.81 (3.54) | 195.18 (2.06) | | Woods (21) | 38.9 (2.56) | 23.21 (0.95) | 9.59 (1.90) | 23.92 (1.33) | 19.31 (1.33) | | Shrub (22) | 4.99 (1.17) | 5.37 (1.21) | 1.97 (2.45) | 7.50 (0.75) | 4.56 (1.16) | | Sparse woods (23) | 42.05 (1.22) | 39.79 (0.99) | 13.92 (1.54) | 42.96 (1.25) | 34.47 (1.3) | | Other woods (24) | 5.37 (0.67) | 3.46 (0.46) | 6.27 (0.84) | 6.37 (4.78) | 4.64 (0.24) | | High coverage grassland (31) | 9.69 (0.82) | 8.38 (1.16) | 8.29 (2.46) | 28.01 (0.44) | 10.47 (0.77) | | Moderate coverage grassland (32) | 0.96 (0.78) | 2.94 (1.51) | 1.18 (2.82) | 2.72 (0.86) | 1.51 (1.19) | | Low coverage grassland (33) | 0.27 (1.04) | 0.24 (1.27) | 0.31 (3.79) | 0.37 (18.67) | 0.19 (1.77) | | River (41) | 19.31 (2.63) | 25.31 (1.09) | 42.66 (0.07) | 35.95 (1.19) | 13.17 (1.44) | | Lake (42) | 122.7 (0.3) | 185.86 (5.87) | 110.75 (0.82) | 242.61 (2.08) | 45.43 (1.59) | | Reservoir and pond (43) | 117.95 (0.73) | 150.94 (0.47) | 68.19 (0.61) | 276.98 (0.48) | 80.02 (1.51) | | Wetland (64) | 26.41 (0.33) | 30.53 (8.22) | 5.63 (1.75) | 24.56 (1.63) | 6.57 (1.93) | | Artificial lands | | | | | | | Urban land (51) | 54.94 (0.07) | 41.57 (2.1) | 80.59 (0.03) | 143.12 (0.06) | 32.22 (0.52) | | Rural residential land (52) | 43.66 (0.74) | 50.57 (0.85) | 20.09 (0.35) | 35.56 (1.18) | 42.42 (0.75) | | Other built-up land (53) | 23.58 (0.11) | 54.62 (0.1) | 55.85 (0.06) | 289.69 (0.36) | 234.68 (0.07) | | Others | | | | | | | River beach (46) | 52.56 (4.17) | 134.23 (0.14) | 93.77 (3.47) | 176.21 (0.36) | 31.83 (0.74) | | Bare soil (65) | 2.82 (0.33) | 2.92 (2.27) | 3.15 (1.37) | 5.00 (4.29) | 1.91 (3.42) | | Rocky land (66) | 0.02 (0.69) | 0.02 (1.65) | 0.01 (0) | 0.01 () | 0.01 (0.96) |
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Note. The unit of node strength is km 2; rocky land has no incoming weights (no other land transfer to rocky land during 2005–2010). |
