Data-Driven Hybrid Internal Temperature Estimation Approach for Battery Thermal Management

Table 6

Estimation errors for four validation data by combining the linear NN and EKF.

Temperature range	RMSE	Max error (°C)
(a)	0.0809	0.267
(b)	0.0746	0.202
(c)	0.5251	1.242
(d)	0.1246	0.297