A Novel Power-Driven Grey Model with Whale Optimization Algorithm and Its Application in Forecasting the Residential Energy Consumption in China

Table 2

The definition of performance metrics used.

No.	Name	Formula	Reference
1	RMSE		[24]
2	MAE		[24]
3	NRMSE		[24]
4	MAPE		[24]
5	RMSPE		[24]
6	MSE		[24]
7	IA		[5]
8	U1		[46]
9	U2		[46]