Hybrid Approach of Finite Element Method, Kigring Metamodel, and Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm for Computational Optimization of a Flexure Elbow Joint for Upper-Limb Assistive Device

Table 4

The goodness-of-fit of the Kigring response surfaces.

Kigring metamodels
Parameters	Strain energy	Torque
Coefficient of determination	1	1
Root mean square error	7.6.10^−10	2.4.10^−6
Relative maximum absolute error	0	0
Relative average absolute error	0	0
Neural network
Parameters	Strain energy	Torque
Coefficient of determination	0.88	0.91
Root mean square error	0.02	98.54
Relative maximum absolute error	62.52	52.07
Relative average absolute error	25.85	23.13
Full second order polynomials
Parameters	Strain energy	Torque
Coefficient of determination	0.93	0.96
Root mean square error	0.02	59.50
Relative maximum absolute error	50.08	40.86
Relative average absolute error	22.18	14.33