Improved Monarch Butterfly Optimization Algorithm Based on Opposition-Based Learning and Random Local Perturbation

Table 6

The two-tailed t-test of the experimental results on 100-dimensional benchmark functions.

Function	OPMBO with MBO		OPMBO with GCMBO
	t	p	t	p
f1	791.0854	0	8.8112	1.4443e-18
f2	946.4590	0	112.1480	0
f3	692.0171	0	165.3924	0
f4	395.9505	0	431.6215	0
f5	938.4122	0	157.6091	0
f6	1.2251e+03	0	97.7934	0
f7	353.7764	0	15.2470	6.6025e-52
f8	590.1854	0	32.2386	5.0606e-217
f9	546.0571	0	48.7033	0
f10	715.0020	0	272.3707	0
f11	298.9920	0	16.7654	3.0813e-62
f12	618.5786	0	10.6642	2.0751e-26
Better	12		12
Equal	0		0
Worse	0		0