Equity of Incentives: Agent-Based Explorations of How Social Networks Influence the Efficacy of Programs to Promote Solar Adoption

<table class="fixed-width table-group" id="tab2"><tr><td><table class="table"><colgroup><col style="width:9.64em"/><col style="width:9.08em"/><col style="width:9.08em"/></colgroup><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="3"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left"> </td><td class="align_center">Poorer households (<svg height="9.35641pt" id="M34" style="vertical-align:-3.29111pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -6.0653 9.43695 9.35641" width="9.43695pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M422 431C411 443 392 454 370 454C321 454 263 368 219 295H214L223 337C242 422 231 454 202 454C161 454 88 406 26 350L41 318C59 334 99 354 107 354C116 354 114 338 107 302C87 198 66 95 41 -4L49 -12C78 -4 129 5 169 9C177 62 196 155 207 207C212 225 238 269 265 306C287 336 301 338 312 338C326 338 344 331 358 318C362 314 374 314 384 323C396 334 406 348 419 368C433 390 435 417 422 431Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,5.898,3.132)"><path d="M294 607C294 643 272 671 230 671C172 671 143 618 143 593C143 548 173 524 215 524C261 524 294 565 294 607ZM285 104L263 135C232 107 205 93 193 93C185 93 184 106 191 135L247 358C259 406 254 457 224 457C184 457 113 420 28 348L47 315C76 336 101 349 109 349S115 337 109 314L58 109C33 10 61 -12 96 -12C128 -12 209 18 285 104Z"></path></g></svg><b> = </b>0)</td><td class="align_center">Richer households (<svg height="9.35641pt" id="M35" style="vertical-align:-3.29111pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -6.0653 9.43695 9.35641" width="9.43695pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M422 431C411 443 392 454 370 454C321 454 263 368 219 295H214L223 337C242 422 231 454 202 454C161 454 88 406 26 350L41 318C59 334 99 354 107 354C116 354 114 338 107 302C87 198 66 95 41 -4L49 -12C78 -4 129 5 169 9C177 62 196 155 207 207C212 225 238 269 265 306C287 336 301 338 312 338C326 338 344 331 358 318C362 314 374 314 384 323C396 334 406 348 419 368C433 390 435 417 422 431Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,5.898,3.132)"><path d="M294 607C294 643 272 671 230 671C172 671 143 618 143 593C143 548 173 524 215 524C261 524 294 565 294 607ZM285 104L263 135C232 107 205 93 193 93C185 93 184 106 191 135L247 358C259 406 254 457 224 457C184 457 113 420 28 348L47 315C76 336 101 349 109 349S115 337 109 314L58 109C33 10 61 -12 96 -12C128 -12 209 18 285 104Z"></path></g></svg><b> = </b>1)</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="3"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Feed-In tariff (<b><i>z</i> =</b>1)</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 39.4537ptpx;"><svg height="12.9448pt" id="M36" style="vertical-align:-4.47853pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.46627 39.4537 12.9448" width="39.4537pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M451 650H136L125 613C215 607 222 597 206 516L130 135C115 53 105 43 30 37L21 0H338L347 37C257 43 250 53 268 135L342 516C357 598 364 607 443 613L451 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.042,3.132)"><path d="M255 635C86 635 29 459 29 311C29 167 83 -12 254 -12S478 166 478 312C478 457 425 635 255 635ZM252 588C317 588 338 455 338 314C338 176 322 35 256 35C191 35 169 183 169 315C169 448 185 588 252 588Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,10.655,3.132)"><path d="M103 169C67 169 35 147 35 115C35 91 46 78 51 76C100 66 127 35 127 0C127 -44 96 -73 32 -98L46 -140C133 -119 226 -63 226 36C226 116 156 169 103 169Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,13.012,3.132)"><path d="M415 0V41C335 46 327 62 327 127V635C236 611 161 593 93 583V547L150 544C187 541 192 535 192 483V127C192 59 182 46 102 41V0H415Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,21.799,0)"><path d="M535 323V373H52V323H535ZM535 138V188H52V138H535Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,33.062,0)"><path d="M384 0V27C293 34 287 42 287 114V635C232 613 172 594 109 583V559L157 557C201 555 205 550 205 499V114C205 42 199 34 109 27V0H384Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 48.6922ptpx;"><svg height="12.9448pt" id="M37" style="vertical-align:-4.47853pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.46627 48.6922 12.9448" width="48.6922pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M451 650H136L125 613C215 607 222 597 206 516L130 135C115 53 105 43 30 37L21 0H338L347 37C257 43 250 53 268 135L342 516C357 598 364 607 443 613L451 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.042,3.132)"><path d="M415 0V41C335 46 327 62 327 127V635C236 611 161 593 93 583V547L150 544C187 541 192 535 192 483V127C192 59 182 46 102 41V0H415Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,10.655,3.132)"><path d="M103 169C67 169 35 147 35 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80 96 71 90C59 80 50 67 49 57C48 45 52 36 66 23C80 9 123 -12 169 -12C221 -11 288 15 342 59C403 109 431 165 431 225C431 308 366 395 238 395C212 395 165 379 127 364L153 550Z"></path></g></svg></span></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left" colspan="3"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Leasing (<b><i>z</i> = </b>2)</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 54.9556ptpx;"><svg height="12.9448pt" id="M38" style="vertical-align:-4.47853pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.46627 54.9556 12.9448" width="54.9556pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M451 650H136L125 613C215 607 222 597 206 516L130 135C115 53 105 43 30 37L21 0H338L347 37C257 43 250 53 268 135L342 516C357 598 364 607 443 613L451 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.042,3.132)"><path d="M255 635C86 635 29 459 29 311C29 167 83 -12 254 -12S478 166 478 312C478 457 425 635 255 635ZM252 588C317 588 338 455 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transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,39.302,0)"><path d="M113 -12C146 -12 170 11 170 46C170 78 146 103 114 103S58 78 58 46C58 11 82 -12 113 -12Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,42.266,0)"><path d="M412 140C382 77 369 73 315 73H129L270 222C362 320 402 379 402 466C402 571 322 635 234 635C177 635 130 609 99 576L42 495L64 475C90 514 133 568 201 568C274 568 318 519 318 435C318 349 255 267 193 193C144 135 87 78 32 23V0H405C417 45 427 89 440 131L412 140Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,48.506,0)"><path d="M153 550H386L412 615L406 623H120L82 318C104 327 142 338 184 338C294 338 347 275 347 187C347 112 305 39 221 39C160 39 119 71 97 89C88 97 80 96 71 90C59 80 50 67 49 57C48 45 52 36 66 23C80 9 123 -12 169 -12C221 -11 288 15 342 59C403 109 431 165 431 225C431 308 366 395 238 395C212 395 165 379 127 364L153 550Z"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 54.9556ptpx;"><svg height="12.9448pt" id="M39" style="vertical-align:-4.47853pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.46627 54.9556 12.9448" width="54.9556pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M451 650H136L125 613C215 607 222 597 206 516L130 135C115 53 105 43 30 37L21 0H338L347 37C257 43 250 53 268 135L342 516C357 598 364 607 443 613L451 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.042,3.132)"><path d="M415 0V41C335 46 327 62 327 127V635C236 611 161 593 93 583V547L150 544C187 541 192 535 192 483V127C192 59 182 46 102 41V0H415Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,10.655,3.132)"><path d="M103 169C67 169 35 147 35 115C35 91 46 78 51 76C100 66 127 35 127 0C127 -44 96 -73 32 -98L46 -140C133 -119 226 -63 226 36C226 116 156 169 103 169Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,13.012,3.132)"><path d="M440 180C404 113 397 110 338 110H183L298 220C398 316 438 379 438 456C438 568 354 635 254 635C192 635 138 610 101 572L36 479L69 452C103 500 144 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<div>Incentive parameter values <svg height="12.5794pt" id="M33" style="vertical-align:-3.29107pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.28833 36.5261 12.5794" width="36.5261pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M451 650H136L125 613C215 607 222 597 206 516L130 135C115 53 105 43 30 37L21 0H338L347 37C257 43 250 53 268 135L342 516C357 598 364 607 443 613L451 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.042,0)"><path d="M300 -147C201 -63 143 98 143 270S200 602 300 686L282 710C136 610 70 450 70 271V270C70 89 136 -72 282 -170L300 -147Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.54,0)"><path d="M422 431C411 443 392 454 370 454C321 454 263 368 219 295H214L223 337C242 422 231 454 202 454C161 454 88 406 26 350L41 318C59 334 99 354 107 354C116 354 114 338 107 302C87 198 66 95 41 -4L49 -12C78 -4 129 5 169 9C177 62 196 155 207 207C212 225 238 269 265 306C287 336 301 338 312 338C326 338 344 331 358 318C362 314 374 314 384 323C396 334 406 348 419 368C433 390 435 417 422 431Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,16.438,3.132)"><path d="M294 607C294 643 272 671 230 671C172 671 143 618 143 593C143 548 173 524 215 524C261 524 294 565 294 607ZM285 104L263 135C232 107 205 93 193 93C185 93 184 106 191 135L247 358C259 406 254 457 224 457C184 457 113 420 28 348L47 315C76 336 101 349 109 349S115 337 109 314L58 109C33 10 61 -12 96 -12C128 -12 209 18 285 104Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,19.877,0)"><path d="M95 130C70 130 46 113 46 88C46 72 54 64 59 64C93 55 121 33 121 -3C121 -41 93 -68 44 -88L55 -117C117 -98 186 -56 186 22C186 91 131 130 95 130Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,25.02,0)"><path d="M505 450L483 476C450 448 422 434 403 434C385 434 350 435 291 447C259 453 223 457 200 457C171 457 144 433 116 394C102 374 81 341 63 298L90 277C121 325 151 354 208 354C228 354 253 352 280 348C309 344 342 348 360 354C264 265 145 162 73 103C33 70 21 36 21 16C21 0 29 -9 36 -12C42 -12 46 -9 50 -3C59 12 69 25 85 36C105 50 119 54 175 26C215 6 274 -21 306 -21C358 -21 412 19 474 159L446 182C391 111 363 94 334 94C315 94 290 97 257 111C226 124 192 131 166 131C211 168 330 270 416 352C452 386 483 422 505 450Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.884,0)"><path d="M275 270C275 450 212 609 64 710L45 686C145 604 203 442 203 270S147 -63 45 -147L64 -170C213 -68 275 89 275 270Z"></path></g></svg> by incentive program and agent type</div>

Complexity

tab2

Table 2

Table 2: Equity of Incentives: Agent-Based Explorations of How Social Networks Influence the Efficacy of Programs to Promote Solar Adoption 