Assessment of Diabetic Autonomic Nervous Dysfunction with a Novel Percussion Entropy Approach

Table 2

Comparison of computational parameters for autonomic function assessment in three groups of testing subjects.

Parameters	Group 1	Group 2	Group 3
	(n = 41)	(n = 36)	(n =31)
LHR	1.62 ± 1.03	1.59 ± 1.54	2.48 ± 2.43
SSR	0.47 ± 0.22	0.61 ± 0.27	0.61 ± 0.31
	0.56 ± 0.08	0.54 ± 0.02	0.44 ± 0.13
PEI	0.73 ± 0.04	0.63 ± 0.05	0.56 ± 0.06

Group 1: healthy subjects; Group 2: diabetic subjects with satisfactory blood sugar control; Group 3: diabetic subjects with poor blood sugar control. Values are expressed as mean ± SD. LHR: low- to high-frequency power ratio; SSR: Poincaré index (SD1/SD2 ratio); : small-scale multiscale entropy index (mean value of sample entropy from time scale from 1 to 5); PEI: percussion entropy index; p < 0.017: Group 1 vs. Group 2; p < 0.001: Group 1 vs. Group 2; p < 0.001 Group 2 vs. Group 3.