A Modified Social Spider Optimization for Economic Dispatch with Valve-Point Effects

Table 2

Comparisons of the results varying PF.

PF	Sphere	Schwefel2.22	Ackley
0.1	6.20E − 58	3.16E − 26	8.28E − 09
0.2	8.47E − 59	4.82E − 28	4.25E − 09
0.3	3.05E − 59	9.24E − 29	8.47E − 11
0.4	5.68E − 60	6.11E − 29	7.09E − 11
0.5	8.49E − 62	5.92E − 30	6.22E − 13
0.6	7.05E − 62	5.75E − 31	3.30E − 14
0.7	3.44E − 61	4.84E − 31	1.40E − 13
0.8	1.89E − 59	2.15E − 30	7.34E − 13
0.9	5.60E − 57	4.38E − 28	2.58E − 11
1	8.42E − 57	6.87E − 28	5.81E − 10