Calculation of Free Energy Consumption in Gene Transcription with Complex Promoter Structure

Figure 5

Effect of promoter's multiple states on energy consumption and gene expression (mean, noise, and Fano factor). In all the cases, the rates of activator or inhibitor association and dissociation are set as 0.27 and 0.23; that is, the switch rates of the promoter states are set as , and , the transcription rates are set as , and degradation rate as .