Review Article
Evaluation of the Urban Low-Carbon Sustainable Development Capability Based on the TOPSIS-BP Neural Network and Grey Relational Analysis
| System | Indicator | Variables |
| Green investment | Technology investment | R&D expenditure (100 million yuan) | Fixed assets investment in tertiary industry (100 million yuan) | Number of research and development institutions (a) | Research and experimental development staff (person) | National science and technology awards (items) | Number of patents granted (items) | Resource utilization | Total energy consumption (10,000 tons of standard coal) | Energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of regional GDP (ton of standard coal) | Comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste (10,000 tons) | Comprehensive utilization rate of industrial waste (%) | Total water consumption (100 million cubic meters) |
| Green output | Environmental impact | Amount of industrial solid waste produced (10,000 tons) | Industrial solid waste disposal (10,000 tons) | Forest cover rate (%) | Total wastewater discharge (10,000 tons) | Industrial waste gas emissions (tons) | Economic impact | GDP (100 million yuan) | Technology market turnover (100 million yuan) | Added value of tertiary industry (100 million yuan) | Reduction rate of energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP (%) |
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