Improved Laplacian Biogeography-Based Optimization Algorithm and Its Application to QAP

Table 6

Wilcoxon signed rank test results.

Problem	ILxBBO versus		R^+	R^−	n//t/l
30 D	TDBBO	1.30e − 03	324.5	81.5	28/21/5/2
	BIBBO	9.40e − 06	379	27	28/26/0/2
	BBOM	1.66e − 04	341.5	64.5	28/23/2/3
	DEBBO	4.41e − 02	282	124	28/18/2/8
	BLPSO	4.47e − 08	390	16	28/26/1/1
	WRBBO	1.64e − 02	286	120	28/17/4/7
	EMBBO	9.61e − 03	309	97	28/19/1/8
	BHCS	3.20e − 07	396	10	28/26/0/2
	YYPO	1.38e − 02	298.5	107.5	28/17/2/9
	DPCABC	6.82e − 03	307	99	28/17/2/9
	DFnABC	9.64e − 03	297.5	108.5	28/16/3/9
	FMPSO	1.51e − 05	347.5	58.5	28/22/3/3
	GLPSO	4.41e − 01	234	172	28/13/2/13
	HFPSO	3.13e − 07	384.5	21.5	28/25/1/2
	MEGWO	5.22e − 08	402	4	28/27/0/1
50 D	PRBBO	7.50e − 05	338.5	67.5	28/13/3/6
	TDBBO	2.09e − 06	366.5	39.5	28/22/2/4
	DEBBO	1.78e − 03	321.5	84.5	28/22/2/4
	WRBBO	9.19e − 04	327.5	78.5	28/21/2/5
	BHCS	3.18e − 05	371	35	28/25/0/3
	EMBBO	1.30e − 02	299.5	106.5	28/18/2/8
QAP	LxBBO	1.95e − 03	55	0	10/0/0
	IPSO	1.95e − 03	55	0	10/0/0
	IFA	1.95e − 03	55	0	10/0/0