Research Article
A General Model of Population Dynamics Accounting for Multiple Kinds of Interaction
Figure 11
Facultative-facultative mutualism with negative intraspecific interaction: (a) we have the case where , which means that intraspecific competition is weaker than mutualism; (b) we have , which means that intraspecific competition is stronger than mutualism. Here, .
(a) |
(b) |