Unpacking the “Black Box”: Understanding the Effect of Social Network Characteristics on Safety Behaviors of Construction Workers

Table 2

Measurement items of safety communication and safety behavior.

Variable	Items	Sources
Safety communication	SC1: team members are willing to share safety information, knowledge, and safety experience; SC2: the communication between the team members is smooth; SC3: active discussion of safety issues among team members; SC4: team members actively participate in safety training; SC5: team members can communicate orally daily; SC6: there are weekly safety meetings between team members	Peng et al. [44], Downs et al. [45], Alsamadani et al. [34], and Cigularov et al. [46]
Safety compliance behavior	SCB1: at work, I abide by safety regulations and operating procedures; SCB2: at work, I use safety helmets, safety belts, and other labor protection supplies according to regulations; SCB3: I make necessary checks on the safety equipment or tools I use; SCB4: I can actively cooperate with the command and arrangement of safety management personnel; SCB5: I also comply with the safety regulations due to the tight construction schedule and other pressures; SCB6: I do my work only when I am sure that the work environment is in a highly secure state	Christian et al. [47], DeArmond et al. [48], Neal and Griffin [49], and Vinodkumar and Bhasi [23]
Safety participation behavior	SPB1: I actively participate in safety meetings; SPB 2: I actively participate in safety education and training; SPB 3: I volunteered to participate in the emergency rescue drill; SPB 4: I take part in activities or tasks to improve safety in the workplace; SPB 5: I am involved in the formulation of the organization’s safety objectives, safety plans, and other work; SPB 6: I participated in project safety risk assessment and other work; SPB 7: I help my colleagues when they are in a dangerous or unfavorable situation; SPB 8: I take the initiative to stop and correct colleagues’ unsafe actions or ideas; SPB 9: I will demonstrate the correct operation to my colleagues; SPB 10: I exhorted my colleagues to conduct their work in a safe manner	Christian et al. [47], DeArmond et al. [48], Neal and Griffin [49], Vinodkumar and Bhasi [23], and Fugas et al. [50]