Research Article
Life Cycle Assessment of Environmental Impact of Steelmaking Process
| | Categories | Unit | Molten iron 5% | Scrap steel 5% | Electricity 5% |
| | Carcinogens | kg C2H3Cl eq | 2.51E − 01 | 3.61E − 01 | 2.67E − 03 | | Noncarcinogens | kg C2H3Cl eq | 3.32E + 00 | 3.67E + 00 | 3.75E − 02 | | Respiratory inorganics | kg PM2.5 eq | 1.34E − 02 | 2.05E − 03 | 5.26E − 04 | | Ionizing radiation | Bq C-14 eq | 2.74E + 02 | 0.00E + 00 | 3.91E + 00 | | Ozone layer depletion | kg CFC-11 eq | 2.03E − 06 | 2.06E − 06 | 1.21E − 07 | | Respiratory organics | kg C2H4 eq | 6.90E − 03 | 1.52E − 03 | 1.85E − 04 | | Aquatic ecotoxicity | kg TEG water | 3.93E + 05 | 1.94E + 03 | 4.27E + 03 | | Terrestrial ecotoxicity | kg TEG soil | 2.05E + 02 | 8.14E + 02 | 3.42E + 00 | | Terrestrial acid/nutrition | kg SO2 eq | 2.04E − 01 | 2.91E − 02 | 1.18E − 02 | | Land occupation | m2a | 3.49E − 01 | 4.90E − 02 | 6.77E − 03 | | Aquatic acidification | kg SO2 eq | 4.74E − 02 | 8.06E − 03 | 3.81E − 03 | | Aquatic eutrophication | kg PO43- eq | 6.38E−03 | 4.79E − 05 | 6.92E − 05 | | Global warming | kg CO2 eq | 6.03E + 00 | 2.81E + 00 | 1.29E + 00 | | Nonrenewable energy | MJ primary | 1.24E + 03 | 2.72E + 01 | 1.47E + 01 | | Mineral extraction | MJ surplus | 2.89E − 02 | 1.22E − 02 | 1.13E − 03 |
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