A Hybrid Approach Integrating Multiple ICEEMDANs, WOA, and RVFL Networks for Economic and Financial Time Series Forecasting

Table 4

The root mean squared error (RMSE) values of different prediction models.

Dataset	Horizon	MICEEMDAN -WOA-RVFL	RW	LSSVR	BPNN	ICEEMDAN -RW	ICEEMDAN -LSSVR	ICEEMDAN -BPNN
WTI	1	0.2715	1.3196	1.3228	1.3744	1.8134	0.3467	0.4078
	3	0.5953	2.1784	2.1929	2.2867	2.5041	0.6754	0.7620
	6	0.8146	3.0737	3.1271	3.1845	3.2348	0.8692	0.9462
USD/EUR	1	0.0009	0.0051	0.0052	0.0052	0.0099	0.0015	0.0016
	3	0.0022	0.0091	0.0092	0.0092	0.0129	0.0031	0.0031
	6	0.0033	0.0127	0.0128	0.0127	0.0154	0.0047	0.0046
IP	1	0.2114	0.7528	0.8441	0.8230	0.8205	0.3861	0.4175
	3	0.3875	1.4059	1.8553	1.8311	1.4401	0.5533	0.5294
	6	0.5340	2.4459	3.6015	2.8116	2.4569	0.6408	0.8264
SSEC	1	10.8115	50.0742	49.8800	50.8431	63.3951	12.6460	13.7928
	3	22.2983	89.1834	88.5290	89.1781	93.2887	25.2526	29.7784
	6	35.7201	131.6386	131.3487	133.5647	137.2598	40.4357	49.6341