Universal Evolutionary Model for Periodical Species

Figure 2

Attractors for tuples , and from Proposition 1. The tuples are of a “competition” type. Global fixed points for and are those with . In , the species has a behavior like periodic cicadas with prime number fixed points. In this case, the species disappears, since the fitness is always negative. Attractors are marked with red squares if both species survive and with gray squares if one of the species disappears.