The number of innovation nodes is increasing, and there are different nodes in the network (e.g., universities, institutions, and firms).
The structure of the network is complex.
There is a great deal of nonlinear positive and negative feedback between innovation subjects, which makes the innovation network a complex system with complex structures, intricate relationships, and diverse target functions.
It involves the dynamic evolution of time and space.
They have complex evolution characteristics. The innovation subject carries on the transformation connection according to resource endowment preference differences. Meanwhile, external nodes are attracted to join the network, causing the relationships between innovation subjects to change constantly, and the network evolves accordingly.