Emerging Technologies of Natural Language-Enabled Chatbots: A Review and Trend Forecast Using Intelligent Ontology Extraction and Patent Analytics

Table 5

Topics in each domain.

Domain/method	Query
	Search type	Input patent size	Topics
NLP/LDA	SSTO = (“natural language processing” “linguistics” “natural language generation” “natural language understanding” “speech recognition”)
	Smart	570	Linguistics, conversation, speech recognition, knowledge
Model/LDA	CTB = ((chatbot) or (automated adj conversation adj interface) or (chat ADJ system) or (natural adj language) or (nlp)) AND CTB = (((deep ADJ learning) or (machine ADJ learning) or (neural ADJ network))) AND DP> = (20200101) AND DP< = (20201130)
	CTB	2,535	Features, voice device, question answer, classification, graph, automatic service
System/LDA	SSTO=(“natural language processing” “natural language understanding” “NLP” “NLU” “chatbot” “automated conversational interface”) AND SSTO = (“user interface” “medium” “communication” “channel” “immersive technology” “computer vision”)
	Smart	534	User interface, dialogue management, infrastructure
Applied scenarios/manual	CTB = (((chatbot) or (conversation) or (diolog adj system))) AND CTB = (((natural adj language) or (nlp))) NOT DC = ((T))
	CTB	31	Engineering, e-commerce