Modeling Coupled Nonlinear Multilayered Dynamics: Cyber Attack and Disruption of an Electric Grid

Figure 2

(a) The generic performance function , which links the cyber and physical systems, depends on two parameters, and . When , the fraction is 0.5 so that is the number of uncompromised cyber components at which performance of the physical system is 50% of its maximum value. The parameter captures the dispersal in performance. As declines, performance becomes more knife-edged; in the limit that performance is a step function that is 0 for , 1/2 at , and 1 for . (b) Holding , we show the sigmoid for , 40, or 80 (dashed, solid, and dotted lines, respectively). (c) Holding , we show the sigmoid for , 10, or 30 (dashed, solid, and dotted lines, respectively).

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(b)

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