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| Keyword | Description | Illustrative applications | Number of relevant papers |
|
| Control | It helps to achieve and increase a consistent, economical, and safe production level | Controller for mobile robot path tracking [65] | 340 |
| A control strategy for smart energy charging [66] |
|
| Planning | It is a preparatory step before manufacturing which optimizes several sequences of operations | Automating production planning and control in manufacturing [67] | 138 |
| Operation planning of renewable energy [68] |
|
| Scheduling | It gives the optimal allocation of the available resources in the given workflows | Line balancing and AGV scheduling [59] | 137 |
| Machine scheduling [69] |
|
| Maintenance | It defines optimization tasks for preventing the failure of expensive manufacturing equipment | Digital twin-driven autonomous maintenance [60] | 91 |
| Sensor-based maintenance policies [70] |
|
| Energy efficiency | It helps to reduce the energy consumption of the manufacturing processes based on optimization techniques | Optimization of greenhouse production process [71] | 32 |
| Energy-efficient scheduling by collaboration between cyber-physical production and energy systems [72] |
|
| Topology | It gives an answer as to how to place some materials on a given surface to obtain the best structural performance | Topology optimization of an automotive dashboard [73] | 14 |
| Manufacturing redesign of a piece of military aircraft equipment [74] |
|
| Planning and scheduling | It is an integrated optimization of manufacturing process planning and scheduling | Integrated planning and scheduling problem in parallel is solved by a metaheuristic approach [75] | 12 |
| Cloud-based intelligent dynamic planning and scheduling system [76] |
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| Lean management | It focuses on minimizing waste and maximizing productivity within manufacturing systems simultaneously | Process optimization by lean management [77] | 9 |
| Business process optimization | It can increase the efficiency of the production, delivery, and operational processes amongst others in industrial environments | Improving production processes [78] | 5 |
| Optimal control | It is an optimization of control processes and subsystems to support an efficient operation | Scheduling flexibly configurable jobs [52] | 5 |
| Resource optimization | It helps align available resources with the maximum efficiency of goals | Resource optimization of industrial processes [79] | 2 |
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