Security Risk Analysis of Active Distribution Networks with Large-Scale Controllable Loads under Malicious Attacks

Table 1

Distribution network control model with CLs.

Attack behaviors (A)				Risk
Scenarios	Attack object	Type of attack	Scale
IEEE 33-bus standard distribution system	Node 18/20/25/30			Low-voltage exceeding limits
IEEE 33-bus standard distribution system	Node 18/20/25/30		Single-phase	High-voltage exceeding limits
Single-machine (DG) infinite power system	DG access node			Power fluctuation and resonance