Grandparental Childcare and Second Birth in China: Evidence from a Dynamic Model and Empirical Study

Table 2

The propensity score model: logistic regression results of factors affecting having grandparents as the primary-care provider for the first child.

Explanatory variables	Coef.	S.E.	z		[95% conf. Interval]
Age of the father	−0.047	0.004	−11.04	0.001	[−0.055, −0.039]
Age of the mother	−0.037	0.004	−8.22	0.001	[−0.046, −0.028]
Ethnicity of the parents
(i) Both Hans	0.287	0.040	7.10	0.001	[0.208, 0.366]
Age of the first child	0.110	0.012	8.94	0.001	[0.086, 0.135]
Square of the age of the first child	0.001	0.001	0.14	0.886	[−0.001, 0.001]
The first child is a girl	0.106	0.0219	4.81	0.001	[0.063, 0.149]
Education level of the father; (Junior school and below, ref.)
(i) Junior high school	0.112	0.047	2.38	0.017	[0.020, 0.204]
(ii) Senior high school	0.068	0.054	1.26	0.209	[−0.038, 0.173]
(iii) College and above	−0.025	0.068	−0.37	0.713	[−0.158, 0.108]
Education level of the mother; (Junior school and below, ref.)
(i) Junior high school	0.010	0.041	0.24	0.814	[−0.070, 0.089]
(ii) Senior high school	−0.141	0.050	−2.84	0.005	[−0.238, −0.044]
(iii) College and above	−0.148	0.067	−2.22	0.027	[−0.279, −0.017]
Family monthly income (in log)	0.185	0.022	8.44	0.001	[0.142, 0.228]
Settlement intention; (Settle down, ref.)
(i) Return home	1.093	0.049	22.53	0.001	[0.998, 1.188]
(ii) Go to other places	0.727	0.063	11.55	0.001	[0.604, 0.850]
(iii) Uncertain	0.797	0.024	33.06	0.001	[0.750, 0.844]
Hukou of the parents; (Both rural Hukous, ref.)
(i) Different Hukou types	−0.131	0.045	−2.93	0.003	[−0.218, −0.043]
(ii) Both urban Hukous	−0.166	0.044	−3.80	0.001	[−0.252, −0.080]
The respondent participates in labor force	0.927	0.037	24.84	0.001	[0.854, 1.001]
The child migrates with the parents	−2.402	0.027	−89.13	0.001	[−2.455, −2.350]
Sample size	61,049
−2LL	25818.020
Pseudo	0.221
LR (20)	14620.810
(20)	0.001

S.E.: standard errors; LL: log likelihood.