Rough Set Approach toward Data Modelling and User Knowledge for Extracting Insights

Table 1

Techniques and their descriptions.

Reference	Year	Method	Description
[7]	2020	Knowledge transfer by the domain-independent user latent factor	The study proposed an approach of knowledge transfer by the domain-independent user latent factor for cross domain recommender systems. The method has used tr-factorization.
[8]	2020	Assessment of linked data visualization tools	The study presented the analysis of the state-of-the-art tools for the visualization of linked data. List of 77 linked data visualization tools from the previous research and integrating new tools published are given. Based on usability and their features, the visualization tools are compared and described.
[9]	2020	Role of media in user participation	The study considered the usage of media effects in online commentaries on creating knowledge. The user groups were divided into three categories: passive participants, active participants, and bystanders. Their experimental results reveal that the active participants largely tend to use tablets, PCs, and smartphones for creation of knowledge in online space.
[10]	2020	Entrepreneurs’ advantages from user knowledge to create innovation in the digital sector	The authors have focussed on the user knowledge value to entrepreneurs and tackled the gap in the literature associated to the activities of entrepreneurs and user knowledge in the digital services. The framework of innovation opportunity space is proposed and has been applied on a UK-based mobile telephony supplier giffgaff for the issues faced by the user knowledge application to digital services.
[11]	2019	Visualization of knowledge and nanocrystal modelling geometry	The study has extracted important insights from the crystal’s geometry and physical properties for creation of new structuring according to the methodology of knowledge and visualization.
[12]	2019	User choice of interactive data visualization format	The authors have investigated cognitive style, task difficulty, spatial ability affect choice, and preference of visualization format and then how the visualization selected affects the confidence and decision accuracy.
[13]	2019	Architecture and optimization of data mining modelling for visualization of knowledge extraction	Gebremeskel and Biazen have designed a system capable of analyzing and handling the data which is in large scale.
[14]	2019	TrajAnalytics	The study presented TrajAnalytics, an open source software for modelling, transforming, and visualizing the urban trajectory data, for the study of urban and transportation. The approach allows practitioners to understand the data of the population mobility and find out knowledge. A conceptual model for data is presented which incorporates geostructures with trajectory data with the help of different access queries of data.
[15]	2019	Visualization and analysis of schemas and instances of ontologies for improving user tasks and knowledge discovery	The authors have proposed a solution of visual analytics based on the use of several coordinate views for the description of diverse aspects of ontology and the technique of degree of interest use for reduction of complexity in the visual representation of ontology.
[16]	2018	Interactive machine learning by visualization	The research presented an approach of visual analytics for the visual data mining and interactive machine learning. In the approach, techniques of multidimensional data visualization are applied for the facilitation of user interactions with machine learning and data mining process
[17]	2018	Making graph visualization a user-centred process	The study has explored a cognitive approach for following user-centred process in the visualization graph. A graph-based visualization model is proposed which is a two-stage conceptualized assessment cycle.
[18]	2018	A user-based taxonomy for deep learning visualization	Yu and Shi presented a minisurvey consisting of the user-based taxonomy that converts the works of state of the art in the field.
[19]	2017	SemUI	The authors have proposed a SemUI tool-based solution as a multitiered method consisting of (a) a semantic layer which incorporates data through notion of entity of the real world and groups them based on their differences and similarities and (b) a layer of visualization which concurrently shows several views based on entities properties.
[20]	2017	Visualization of multidimensional resource space	The study proposed an interface of multidimension for adopting the resource space model and presented its advantages in property letting application.
[21]	2014	Model of knowledge generation for visual analytics	The authors proposed a model of visual analytics knowledge generation to tie different frameworks.
[22]	2014	CoDe modelling	The study presented a methodology for exploiting visual language CoDe based on a logic paradigm. The CoDe is giving a structure for organizing visualization by the CoDe model and represents graphically the relationships between items of the information.
[23]	2013	Visualizing the impact of time series data	Macek and Atzmueller presented a new concept of visualization for the user history interactions. Association rules are derived and visualized through heatmaps. The impact of the approach is demonstrated by real-world examples of data such as twitter dump of 2009.
[24]	2012	Graphical representation and exploratory visualization for decision trees in the KDD process	The authors presented an approach of representation and a scheme of investigative visualization for the decision tree in the knowledge discovery database process for data mining.