Modified Whale Optimization Algorithm for Solar Cell and PV Module Parameter Identification

Table 10

Parameter estimates by MWOA for ST40 at different irradiances with a temperature of 25°C.

Parameter	Irradiance ()
	200	400	600	800	1000
SDM
(A)	0.53331757	1.066988270	1.60810360	2.134525548	2.672172239
(mA)	1.26871E − 06	2.25447E − 06	5.7171E − 07	2.13585E − 06	2.49412E − 06
	1.246907638	1.044231634	1.22988867	1.072832043	1.077531612
	342.7239747	373.8873942	301.602681	396.1091591	431.4419003
	1.731262353	1.805362555	1.63808006	1.794001397	1.811129005
RMSE	0.000482114	0.000719576	0.00197090	0.002108032	0.001978270
DDM
(A)	0.533334706	1.067494405	1.603128611	2.135349650	2.672683458
	3.18603E − 05	1.10843E − 05	2.01305E − 07	2.63126E − 05	3.68549E − 07
	1.82510E − 07	1.73461E − 06	9.10872E − 05	9.23098E − 08	6.39422E − 05
	1.607320066	1.086406066	1.228284977	1.193810586	1.154094959
	362.7821760	365.4957689	424.7460606	411.8634978	463.7373381
	2.954593428	3.999998684	1.538718540	2.581648985	1.601798267
	1.517748630	1.770462365	3.259517500	1.479398414	3.062640621
RMSE	0.000464494	0.000640640	0.001199160	0.001561701	0.001413850