Modified Whale Optimization Algorithm for Solar Cell and PV Module Parameter Identification

Table 11

Parameter estimates by MWOA for SM55 at different irradiances with a temperature of 25°C.

Parameter	Irradiance ()
	200	400	600	800	1000
SDM
	0.691124151	1.375557785	2.060699041	2.754700747	3.445108764
	3.14217E − 07	2.59878E − 06	5.59042E − 06	8.35283E − 07	5.71094E − 06
	0.045346426	0	0.025746037	0.226456305	0.168590083
	460.8732310	982.5299237	3737.137718	826.8341087	5000
	1.450790398	1.679741930	1.769714298	1.539436492	1.761010518
RMSE	7.33928E − 04	5.30961E − 03	9.59915E − 03	5.03150E − 03	1.95455E − 02
DDM
(A)	0.691774691	1.382238669	2.069823060	2.760191237	3.444815843
	2.67313E − 05	6.75894E − 05	3.32656E − 05	1.18388E − 07	4.47349E − 07
	1.21842E − 07	7.43739E − 08	1.83266E − 07	2.02677E − 05	3.20927E − 08
	0.301600858	0.410528644	0.315554320	0.344567527	0.294658909
	452.4222904	465.8227848	500.5793324	475.8515534	835.4957903
	3.999998927	3.999999857	3.999999242	1.365722181	1.479773104
	1.364883480	1.328568747	1.401671201	3.530470772	3.999998105
RMSE	5.55361E − 04	6.42907E − 03	1.13452E − 03	7.36226E − 04	4.85349E − 03