Dynamics of a Predator-Prey Model with Fear Effect and Time Delay

Figure 9

The figure shows the bifurcation diagrams of system (64) of prey and predator populations with respect to the parameter , which shows that high levels of fear can stabilize the predator-prey system. However, relatively low levels of fear can induce oscillations via Hopf bifurcations, where and other parameters are given in (65).

(a)

(b)