Complexity

Review Article

[Retracted] Comparative Efficacy and Acceptability of Nonpharmacotherapy in the Treatment of Inattention for ADHD: A Network Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of included studies.


Author, year	Design		Sample size		Age		Jadad score	Tool
Author, year	Expl	Ctrol	Expl	Ctrol	Exp	Ctrol	Jadad score	Tool

Naomi, 2014	CBT	Ctrol	34	36	8.9 ± 1	8.4 ± 1.1	4	CAARS
Young, 2016	PUFA	PE	11	14			7	SNAP
Safren, 2010	CBT	Ctrol	43	43	42.3 ± 10	44 ± 12.2	6	CAARS-S
Young, 2016	PUFA	Ctrol	11	11			7	SNAP
Arthur, 2015	CBT	Ctrol	43	43	20.3		6	CAARS-S
Toshiko, 2015	PUFA	Ctrol	38	38	13.7 ± 1.1		3	CAARS
LaCount, 2015	CBT	Ctrol	17	17			4	BCS
Crippa, 2017	PUFA	Ctrol	25	23	11.1 ± 1.9	10.9 ± 1.4	6	ASRS
Leanne, 2015	CBT	Ctrol	10	9	4.9 ± 1.1	5.2 ± 1.4	4	SNAP-IV
Tzang, 2016	PUFA	Ctrol	58	58	9.3 ± 2.7	9 ± 2.2	6	SNAP
Fleming, 2015	CBT	Ctrol	19	16	21.2 ± 1.7	21.5 ± 1.1	6	BCS
Cornu, 2017	PUFA	Ctrol	80	82	7 ± 3	6.9 ± 2.9	6	ASRS
Wang, 2016	CBT	Ctrol	10	12	26 ± 4.5	24.8 ± 4	7	CAARS-S
Muller, 2014	PUFA	Ctrol	55	55			6	DISYPs
Zahra, 2014	WMT	Ctrol	12	12			5	SNAP
Dienke, 2015	PUFA	Ctrol	19	18	10.3 ± 2.0		6	CBCL
Anna, 2015	WMT	Ctrol	13	13	5.29 ± 0.4	5.3 ± 0.4	7	IPDDAI
Crippa, 2019	PUFA	Ctrol	25	25	11.1 ± 1.9	10.9 ± 1.4	6	ASRS
Wei, 2017	WMT	Ctrol	11	9	10.3 ± 3.5	10.3 ± 2.9	5	SNAP-IV
Celestino, 2019	PUFA	Ctrol	46	49			6	CAARS
Martine, 2014	WMT	Ctrol	27	24	6.5 ± 0.6	6.6 ± 0.7	6	CAARS-S
Pelsser, 2011	PUFA	Ctrol	50	50	6.8 ± 1.3	7 ± 1.3	6	ASRS
Jens, 2013	WMT	Ctrol	38	37			2	CAARS-S
Moreno, 2019	NF	CBT	21	19	9.21 ± 1.9	8.1 ± 1.3	7	ASRS
Agnese, 2018	WMT	Ctrol	40	40			6	IPDDAI
Minder, 2018A	NF	CBT	29	23	11.4 ± 1.7	10.8 ± 1.8	6	CAARS
Beck, 2013	WMT	Ctrol	26	26			6	CAARS-S
Minder, 2018B	NF	CBT	25	25	10.6 ± 2.3	10.4 ± 2.0	6	CAARS
Sandie, 2018	WMT	Ctrol	22	13			6	CAARS-S
Michael, 2017A	NF	CBT	38	41	40 ± 11.2	38 ± 11.3	4	CAARS
Naomi, 2011	CT	Ctrol	13	15	12.4 ± 0.9		6	CAARS-S
Michael, 2017B	NF	CBT	39	41	35.7 ± 11	38 ± 11.3	4	CAARS
Aida, 2018	CT	Ctrol	35	35	9.8 ± 2.0	10.1 ± 1.5	6	CAARS-S
Maurizio, 2014	NF	BF	13	12	10.6 ± 1.3	10 ± 1.2	7	CAARS
Leanne, 2013	CT	Ctrol	51	51	9.1 ± 1.2	9.5 ± 1.5	6	SNAP-IV
Ali, 2011	NF	BF	18	17	9.6 ± 2.2	9.1 ± 1.6	6	CAARS
Oord, 2012	CT	Ctrol	21	22	10 ± 1.0	9.6 ± 1.4	6	DBDRS-P
Strehl, 2017	NF	BF	76	74	8.6 ± 0.9	8.6 ± 0.9	4	ASRS
Choon, 2019	CT	Ctrol	85	87	8.7 ± 1.4	8.6 ± 1.7	6	CAARS-S
Gelade, 2018	NF	SPT	39	37	10 ± 1.9	9.8 ± 2.0	6	SWAN
Bachmann, 2018	MAP	PE	21	19	40 ± 10.6	40 ± 13.8	7	CAARS-S
Gelade, 2016	NF	SPT	39	37	9.8 ± 1.9	9.6 ± 1.8	6	SWAN
Dovis, 2015	MAP	PE	41	40	10.3 ± 1.3	10.5 ± 1.3	6	CAARS-S
Chien, 2016	SPT	Ctrol	16	16	10.7 ± 1	10 ± 1.2	7	CBCL
John, 2017	MAP	Ctrol	11	11	40.6 ± 6.8	36.2 ± 6.9	2	CAARS-S
Claudia, 2012	SPT	Ctrol	10	11	9.1 ± 1.1		6	CBCL
Huguet, 2017	MAP	Ctrol	5	5	9.2 ± 1.3		7	CAARS-S
Naomi, 2014	NF	Ctrol	34	36	8.4 ± 1.1	8.9 ± 1	5	CAARS
Poppy, 2013	MAP	Ctrol	32	29	39.5 ± 9.5	33.9 ± 9.8	2	CAARS-S
Naomi, 2011	NF	Ctrol	13	15	12.4 ± 0.9		6	CAARS-S
Jillian, 2013	MAP	Ctrol	20	20	15.5 ± 1.6		3	CAARS-S
Holger, 2010	NF	Ctrol	59	35	9.1 ± 1.3	9.5 ± 1.1	7	FBB-HKS
Herman, 2017	MAP	Ctrol	50	50	6.3 ± 0.9	5.92 ± 0.7	6	ASRS
M.M, 2010	NF	Ctrol	8	6	10.4 ± 2.3	10 ± 1.7	7	DSM-IV
Lotte, 2018	MAP	Ctrol	60	60	39.7 ± 1	39 ± 10.1	6	CAARS
Meise l, 2013	NF	Ctrol	14	13	9.53 ± 1.8		6	ASRS
Edel, 2014	MAP	Ctrol	39	52	33.8 ± 10	36.7 ± 10	7	CAARS
Bink, 2016	NF	Ctrol	59	31	15.9 ± 3.3	16.2 ± 3	6	ASRS
Gu, 2018	MC	Ctrol	30	26			4	CAARS
Shereena, 2018	NF	Ctrol	24	19	8.7 ± 1.8	9.7 ± 2.4	6	ASRS
Hepark, 2019	MC	Ctrol	55	48	36.5 ± 10	35.2 ± 9	6	CAARS-S
Albrecht, 2017	NF	Ctrol	24	24	11.3 ± 2.8	11.5 ± 3	6	FBB-HKS
Kathryn, 2019	VM	Ctrol	47	46	9.3 ± 1.1	9.9 ± 1.8	6	ASRS
ManHee, 2015	NF	Ctrol	8	8			5	CAARS
Julia, 2018	VM	Ctrol	47	46	10.1 ± 1.6	9.4 ± 1.5	6	ASRS
Alegria, 2017	NF	Ctrol	18	13	14.1 ± 1.5	13.6 ± 2	7	CAARS
Julia, 2017	VM	Ctrol	42	38	34 ± 12.7		6	CAARS
Harris, 2019	NF	Ctrol	11	11			7	CAARS
Hatem, 2018	VI	Ctrol	20	20	9.3 ± 2.6	8.8 ± 3.72	6	CAARS
Joshua, 2012	SB	Ctrol	23	24			3	ASRS
Nadia, 2019	VI	Ctrol	51	51	9.8 ± 2.4	8.6 ± 2.0	6	CAARS
Looyeh, 2012	SB	Ctrol	7	7			5	CSI-4
Eugene, 2011	MI	Ctrol	8	24	8.9 ± 2.3	10.2 ± 2.7	7	SNAP
Young, 2016	PE	Ctrol	14	11			7	SNAP
Fereshteh, 2015	MI	Ctrol	33	33	7.8 ± 1.2	8.4 ± 1.4	6	ASRS
Alexandra, 2015	PE	Ctrol	107	109	35 ± 11	35 ± 10	6	CAARS-S
Vidal, 2013	PE	CBT	17	15	39.4 ± 9.3	39.5 ± 6	4	CAARS-S
Bai, 2015	PE	Ctrol	44	45	9.3 ± 2.8	9.6 ± 2.9	7	ASRS
Maite, 2013	PE	Ctrol	44	37	11.3 ± 3.0	9.9 ± 3.0	6	CAARS
Naomi, 2014	CBT	NF	34	34	8.4 ± 1.1		4	CAARS
Naomi, 2011	CT	NF	13	13	12.4 ± 0.9		6	CAARS-S

Note: CBT = cognitive behavioral therapy; WMT = working memory training; CT = computer training; MAP = meditation; MC = meditation and cognition; VM = vitamin and mineral; VI = vitamin; Mi = mineral; PUFA = polyunsaturated fatty acid; NF = neurofeedback; BF = biofeedback; SB = school-based training; PE = psychological education; SPT = sport intervention therapy; ctrol = control group; CAARS-S = Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale Self-Report; BCS = Barkley ADHD Current Symptoms Scale; SNAP = Swanson, Nolan, Pelham; IPDDAI = rating scale “identificazione precoce del disturbo da deficit di attenzione iperattivita; DBDRS-P = Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale; ASRS = adult ADHD Self-Report Scale; DISYPs = FBB ADHS parent-rated and teacher-rated programmes; CBCL = Child Behavior Checklist; SWAN = Strengths and Weaknesses in ADHD and Normal Behaviors; FBB-HKS = Fremdbeurteilungsbogen fur Hyperkinetische Storungen; DSM-IV = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; CSI-4 = Children Symptom Inventory.