Spatiotemporal Evolution and Complexity of Urban Networks in China, 1978–2019: An Enterprise Linkages Perspective

Table 2

Characteristics statistics of urban networks in China from 1978 to 2019.

Statistics	Indicators	1978	1992	2001	2010	2019
Network size	Number of nodes	221	349	351	352	352
	Number of edges	527	5515	19264	33542	58700
	Density	0.011	0.045	0.155	0.271	0.475
	Diameter	8 (9)	5 (9)	4 (9)	3 (9)	3 (9)
Degree centrality	Average degree	2.385	15.802	54.572	95.29	166.761
	Average weighted degree	0.075	0.102	0.108	0.143	0.244
	Variable coefficient	3.640	6.858	4.583	4.536	3.303
	Gini coefficient	0.802	0.727	0.717	0.680	0.660
Neighborhood centrality	Average neighborhood centrality	0.257	0.420	0.535	0.587	0.678
	Variable coefficient	0.734	0.250	0.152	0.162	0.193
	Gini coefficient	0.333	0.122	0.066	0.079	0.106
Betweenness centrality	Average betweenness centrality	248.439	465.900	310.164	260.264	184.247
	Variable coefficient	5.800	5.492	3.800	2.447	1.449
	Gini coefficient	0.958	0.901	0.855	0.760	0.616
Small-world	Average clustering coefficient	0.268 (0.027)	0.476 (0.024)	0.551 (0.025)	0.563 (0.024)	0.658 (0.026)
	Average path length	3.645 (2.808)	2.382 (2.723)	1.891 (2.714)	1.741 (2.709)	1.525 (2.678)
Scale-free	Weighted degree distribution; Power law fitting	P(k) = 0.1636k^−2.46; (R^2 = 0.9996)	P(k) = 0.9422k^−1.84; (R^2 = 0.9742)	P(k) = 0.9365k^−1.84; (R^2 = 0.9789)	P(k) = 2.195k^−1.34; (R^2 = 0.8074)	P(k) = 3.051k^−1.02; (R^2 = 0.4983)

Note. The values in brackets are the statistics of random networks of the same scale.