Dynamical Hybrid System for Optimizing and Controlling Efficacy of Plant-Based Protein in Aquafeeds

Table 2

The chemical composition and amino acids’ profile of tested feedstuffs.

Items	Feedstuffs
	FM	RM	RM-Yeast	RM-Koji
Crude protein	65	40	46.84	46.78
Crude lipid	8.2	2.66	2.02	1.96
Ash	15.5	7.45	7.65	8.36
Fiber	0.35	11.40	10.41	10.88
Gross energy (kJ/g)^1	ND	17.01	16.90	17.81
Phytic acid (g/kg)	ND	41.00	31.24	33.44
Glucosinolates (μmol/g)	ND	120.45	112.81	108.40
Amino acid profile (g/100 g of a dry ingredient)
Arginine	4.62	2.14	2.45	2.81
Histidine	2.58	1.31	1.43	1.49
Isoleucine	2.00	1.26	1.34	1.38
Leucine	4.68	2.47	3.83	3.41
Lysine	4.07	1.78	1.75	1.65
Methionine	1.78	0.63	0.83	0.91
Phenylalanine	3.18	2.15	1.46	1.47
Threonine	2.74	1.68	2.00	1.93
Valine	2.37	1.61	1.56	1.77

¹Calculated using multiplying combustion values (23.6, 39.5, and 17.2 kJ/g) in ratios of protein, lipid, and carbohydrate, respectively.