Dynamical Hybrid System for Optimizing and Controlling Efficacy of Plant-Based Protein in Aquafeeds

Table 4

Apparent availability coefficients (%) of amino acids in test ingredients for Japanese flounder^∗.

Amino acids	Ingredients
	FM	RM	RM-Yeast	RM-Koji
Arginine	91.97 ± 0.84^b	70.81 ± 1.58^a	79.82 ± 8.71^ab	77.03 ± 0.12^ab
Histidine	89.41 ± 1.29^b	73.79 ± 0.31^a	79.82 ± 4.02^a	76.00 ± 0.52^a
Isoleucine	88.60 ± 3.25^b	67.42 ± 1.26^a	82.33 ± 0.50^b	74.40 ± 1.15^a
Leucine	92.16 ± 1.80^c	71.26 ± 1.28^a	82.32 ± 2.99^b	78.68 ± 0.23^b
Lysine	90.26 ± 1.91^b	68.83 ± 1.17^a	84.03 ± 0.41^b	70.94 ± 3.53^a
Methionine	88.37 ± 1.15^c	65.51 ± 1.05^a	79.87 ± 0.67^b	75.09 ± 3.35^b
Phenylalanine	91.41 ± 0.50^d	66.88 ± 1.68^a	80.98 ± 0.12^c	74.04 ± 0.02^b
Threonine	91.99 ± 0.08^c	69.50 ± 0.50^a	82.14 ± 0.13^b	72.77 ± 2.22^a
Valine	88.70 ± 2.26^b	66.97 ± 0.23^a	81.59 ± 0.79^b	69.99 ± 3.44^a

Values (mean ± SEM, n = 3) within a row with nonshared superscripts are different ().