A Combined Prediction Model for Hog Futures Prices Based on WOA-LightGBM-CEEMDAN

Table 6

Forecast accuracy table for hog futures.

	MSE	MAE	RMSPE (%)	MAPE (%)	R^2	DA
WOA-LightGBM-CEEMDAN	58.3171	5.2654	0.0407	0.0277	99.9964e − 02	0.9737
WOA-LightGBM-EEMD	154.3967	11.3160	0.0653	0.0595	99.9905e − 02	0.9737
WOA-LightGBM-SVR	2540.5649	42.5720	0.2638	0.2223	99.8432e − 02	0.9474
WOA-LightGBM	7465.1947	81.1565	0.4512	0.4246	99.5393e − 02	0.9737
GWO-LightGBM	11895.0375	100.7162	0.5678	0.5262	99.2659e − 02	0.9211
WOA-XGBoost	11987.5541	95.6370	0.5793	0.5036	99.2602e − 02	0.9211
WOA-GBDT	14009.2782	100.5755	0.6179	0.5251	99.1353e − 02	0.8947
BPNN	12584.6199	88.6895	0.5844	0.4641	99.2233e − 02	0.9474
ELM	13074.8747	89.1647	0.5781	0.4580	99.1931e − 02	0.9737
SVR	13390.6722	89.7970	0.5905	0.4616	99.1736e − 02	0.9474

Bold shows the best predicted results in the classification of each indicator.