Discovering Organizational Hierarchy through a Corporate Ranking Algorithm: The Enron Case

Table 4

Distribution of Enron North American West Power Trading’s employees in occupational categories by A. CorpRank score, B. PCA K-means, C. PCA Hierarchical cluster (PCA HC), D. K-means, and E. Walktrap algorithm. Chi-square’s value compares the results with the expected values assuming that there is independence between the occupational categories and the clusters generated by each algorithm.

Algorithm	A. CorpRank score			B. PCA K-means			C. PCA HC			D. K-means			E. Walktrap
	High	Medium	Low	1	2	3	1	2	3	1	2	3	1	2	3	4
Senior managers
Managing Director	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	0	0
Vice President	3	1	0	2	0	2	0	2	2	2	2	0	4	0	0	0
Middle managers
Director	5	5	0	8	2	0	2	8	0	6	0	4	10	0	1	0
Manager	2	3	1	2	3	1	3	2	1	1	1	4	10	1	0	0
Trader	5	3	14	8	13	1	13	8	1	6	1	15	8	13	0	1
Employee	0	3	1	3	1	0	1	3	0	1	0	3	2	3	0	0
Total	16	15	16	23	19	5	19	23	5	16	5	26	35	17	1	1
Chi-sq. value													0.047