Research Article

Modelling on Car-Sharing Serial Prediction Based on Machine Learning and Deep Learning

Table 7

Deep learning for univariate time series evaluation results.

MAEMSERMSEMAPERMSLE

CNN-LSTM0.040830.003640.060350.081080.04843
LSTM0.073160.007050.092060.081920.06384
GRU0.084910.008660.093060.091510.081
CNN0.105120.008790.29270.146140.07909
MLP0.125370.085680.194680.778380.12537
(a) Class A

MAEMSERMSEMAPERMSLE
CNN-LSTM0.006160.007140.00740.054340.00616
LSTM0.040430.047180.049770.084230.00404
GRU0.044040.052470.049890.181940.03956
CNN0.039390.083830.099270.777240.13109
MLP0.12610.055330.289530.889420.1261
(b) Class B

MAEMSERMSEMAPERMSLE
CNN-LSTM0.021720.001260.035470.097640.02864
LSTM0.033320.002430.063970.076060.03059
GRU0.03380.002520.049740.651420.03546
CNN0.127090.009830.149890.738080.06779
MLP0.133660.08510.291710.913450.12709
(c) Class C

MAEMSERMSEMAPERMSLE
CNN-LSTM0.009130.008520.015450.543380.00927
LSTM0.015960.006210.022220.490180.01717
GRU0.016630.081750.021510.749920.01612
CNN0.121130.087630.285920.534620.12113
MLP0.121870.156240.296030.809450.12187
(d) Class D

MAEMSERMSEMAPERMSLE
CNN-LSTM0.012130.001980.043310.007270.02345
LSTM0.022440.004660.132360.023290.02687
GRU0.035530.004750.068270.334480.03836
CNN0.037460.083760.068930.671740.0418
MLP0.12270.087080.289410.718620.1227
(e) Class E