Research Article

Complex Interplay of Eastern Bloc SMEs Trade Credit Determinants: Changes due to the Global Financial Crisis

Table 1

Description of the model variables and expected direction of influence.

VariableDescriptionSourceSign

Disclosure about finance sourcesDummy: 1—if a company discloses information about finance sources for fixed assets, 0—otherwiseBEEPS
Trade_creditsPercent of fixed assets funded by trade creditsBEEPS

Independent variables
Obstacle to financeBarriers to access to finance, characterizing its availability and cost. It is based on the variable k30 (source: BEEPS). If k30 = 0 (no obstacle to finance), 1 (minor obstacle) or 2 (moderate obstacle), than obstacle = 0 (no severe obstacle to finance).If k30 = 3 (major obstacle) or 4 (very severe obstacle), than obstacle = 1 (severe obstacle to finance)BEEPS(+)
SmeDummy of small and medium companies: 1—yes, 0—noBEEPS(+)
BigDummy of big companies: 1—yes, 0—noBEEPS(−)
AgeAge of a company, yearsBEEPS(+)
Share100Dummy: 1—there is the only stockholder, 0—otherwiseBEEPS(−) before the crisis, (+) after the crisis
Share75Dummy: 1—there are two and more stockholders and the share of one of them is more than 75 percent, 0—otherwiseBEEPS(−)
Share25Dummy: 1—the maximal share of each stockholder is less than 25 percent, 0—otherwiseBEEPS(+) before crisis, (−) after crisis
SubsidiesDummy: 1—if the firm received government subsidies during the last three years, 0—otherwiseBEEPS(+)
Foreign_share_50Dummy: 1—if foreigner share is more than 50 percent, 0—otherwiseBEEPS(+) before the crisis, (−) after the crisis
Gov_share_50Dummy: 1—if government share is more than 50 percent, 0—otherwiseBEEPS(+)
PoliticalstabilityPolitical stability: −2,5—minimum, +2,5—maximumWorld bank, worldwide governance indicators(+)
InflationInflation rate, percentWorldBank(−)
GdpgrowthReal GDP growth rate, percentWorldBank(+)
D_bankloansDummy: 1—if the value of bank credits is positive, 0—otherwiseBEEPS(+)
Compete_informalDummy: 1—if the firm considers competition in informal sector as a serious obstacle, 0—otherwiseBEEPS(−)
Retained_earningsPercent of the value of fixed assets purchased by means of retained earningsBEEPS(−)
Dom_private_GDPDomestic credit to private sector, percent of GDPWorldBank