|
| First Author | Surgery | Position | Airway | Throat Pack | Nitrous Oxide Used | Determined Cause |
|
| Ota [19] | Le Fort osteotomy and genioplasty | NA | transnasal ETT | Yes | NA | Intubation and position |
| Cinar [22] | Rhinoplasty | Semi-recumbent | Oral ETT | Yes | No | Excessive cuff pressure |
| Poveda [20] | Rhinoplasty | Semi-supine | Oral ETT | Yes | No | Throat pack and positioning |
| Yavuzer [39] | Septorhinoplasty | Unspecified | Oral ETT | Yes | NA | ETT |
| Una [40] | Anterior mediastinotomy | NA | Oral ETT fiberoptic intubation | No | NA | ETT |
| Nalladaru [41] | CABG | Supine | Oral ETT | No | NA | Intubation or positioning |
| Park [42] | Posterior cervical spine | Concord position | Oral ETT | NA | NA | Positioning |
| Lykoudis [43] | Rhinoplasty | NA | Oral ETT | Yes | NA | Throat pack |
| Kashyap [44] | Repair of mandibular fracture | NA | Nasal ETT | NA | NA | Unclear |
| Lim [45] | Cervical laminoplasty | Prone | Oral ETT | No | No | ETT and positioning |
| Sotiriou [46] | CABG | Supine | Oral ETT | No | NA | positioning |
| Bakhshaee [47] | Rhinoplasty | NA | Oral ETT | Yes | Yes | Intubation, ETT, throat pack, controlled hypotension |
| Varedi [48] | Zygomatic arch repair | NA | Transnasal ETT | Yes | NA | Unclear |
| Ghorbani [49] | Septorhinoplasty | Supine with head elevated | Oral ETT | Yes | NA | ETT, throat pack, position |
|