Surgery Averted Using a Novel, Minimally Invasive Approach to Treat Very Severe Radial Artery Spasm

Table 1

Classification of radial artery spasm.

Grade I	Mild spasm	Minimal pain/discomfort along course of RA during/following procedure.
Grade II	Moderate spasm	Significant pain/discomfort along course of RA during/following procedure.
		Catheter manipulation possible to complete procedure.
Grade III	Severe spasm	Severe pain/discomfort along course of RA with catheter movement despite administration of at least 2 spasmolytic cocktails.
		Procedure completion possible with balloon-assisted tracking (BAT) technique or small-diameter catheters.
Grade IV	Very severe spasm	Very severe pain/discomfort along course of RA with catheter entrapment despite administration of at least 2 spasmolytic cocktails.
		Refractory to BAT or other salvage techniques.

Classification/criteria as defined by Patel et al., 2014.