Case Report
Fatal Heat Stroke in a Schizophrenic Patient
| | Edema | Cramps | Tetany | Syncope | Exhaustion | Stroke |
| Symptoms | Minimal clinical significance but important interstitial fluid accumulation | Cramps | Cramps, carpopedal spasm, and perioral and distal paresthesias | Nausea, sighing, yawning, restlessness, and orthostatic syncope | Flulike | Flulike | Central nervous system symptoms | NO | NO | NO | NO | NO | Present | Temperature | <41°C | <41°C | <41°C | <41°C | <41°C | >41°C | Sweating | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Absent | Mechanism | Unacclimatisation, peripheral vasodilatation | Unacclimatisation and negative sodium balance | Unacclimatisation and severe negative sodium balance | Unacclimatisation, dehydration and inadequate cardiac output | Excess sweating in a hot humid environment causing volume depletion | Heat production exceeds dissipation | Treatment | Periodic exercise, elevation of the legs, or diuretic medication | Oral sodium replacement | Oral or parenteral sodium replacement | Placing supine position, and replacing water deficit | Cool area to rest, placing supine position and replacing water deficit | Emergency treatment |
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